Auditing - report on the audit of Perfect Pies Lmt Essay

Evaluating - report on the review of Perfect Pies Lmt - Essay Example The company’s saves have likewise expanded during the current monetary year which shows that its financial specialists are thinking about the organization rewarding and are wanting to have a drawn out relationship with it. The company’s current proportion is additionally especially steady and presents the way that the organization is using its assets judiciously. We have been named as the legal examiner of the organization, for the money related year finished March 31, 2012, so as to communicate a feeling whether the fiscal report of the organization are liberated from any misquote and speak to a valid and reasonable perspective on the issues of the organization. By breaking down the money related execution of the organization in the earlier year, and considering the benefit base, the organization has been named SME (little and medium estimated substance). The review philosophy, chance inclusion and materiality have all been thought of and formulated which are significa nt for the review of a SME. The materiality has been determined by averaging out the benefit of the current year and earlier year and applying a hair style of 5% which is reasonable for SMEs. After the fruition of the interval review, no such occasion was recognized which could scrutinize that the budget reports of the organization are tangibly misquoted. ... Because of wild conditions, fitting trial of subtleties couldn't be performed on the end stock equalization, though, the aftereffect of the trial of subtleties on indebted person balance has likewise featured hardly any ill defined situations. Certain inconsistency has additionally been seen in the conveying estimation of the non-current resources. Stocks The period from December to May is the bustling season, during which our set number of staff attempts to cook a differing and complex cluster of customer, it becomes troublesome here and there to give adequate number of individual in a review group to do the review as arranged. Because of the referenced issue, the stock check of Perfect Pies Limited at its Wolverhampton site couldn't be performed. Review system in such circumstance was just shortened to management’s enquiry and setting dependence on the customer gave plan. During the visit to the Wolverhampton site, the review group obtained the point by point report of the s tock from the stock guardian and accommodated the absolute parity as of the report with the conveying estimation of the stock as announced in the fiscal summary. The recently referenced review strategy is very fruitful to gain comfort over the culmination and valuation of the stock parity. According to the material budgetary revealing structure, stock parity is esteemed at the lower of cost or net feasible worth. Without really evaluating the state of being of the stock it is absurd to expect to distinguish he stock thing over which the NRV testing ought to be performed. There’s likewise a possibility that the stock thing referenced in the stock rundown probably won't be available by any stretch of the imagination, in this way it is imperative to consider the stock either ‘tag to floor’ or ‘floor to tag’. Since the entirety of the above strategy could

Cultural Conservation Essay Research Paper One problem free essay sample

Social Conservation Essay, Research Paper One occupation with social protection: To set it simply, and its non an employments that only preservationists actually much of the time jumble ( or mix moralss and feel. When Gertrude Himmererfarf attacks out ( as she sees it ) # 8216 ; flippant, # 8217 ; explicitly freak # 8217 ; and # 8216 ; polymorpously unreasonable # 8217 ; human advancement she is predominantly responding to something that she finds socially outside and tastefully compromising. I concur with her that qualities are generally something to be thankful for, however simply when they are Conceived of a moral and matter-of-reality position, non a tasteful 1. The conservativists need an obviously precise and compartment society wherein stable visual viewpoints are kept up and antediluvian social firsts are clung to sacredly. I experienced childhood in a vast expanse of social firsts. I grew up with white business networks making a trip to office buildings while their wedded womans remained at place and their childs went to class. or then again, more precisely, I grew up with alcoholic, extramarital concern work powers who lives socially separate lives while their wedded womans took depressants and smoked final resting place nails and vented their annihilations on there childs, and these equivalent childs took reams of medications, got premature births, drove rummy, and misled the mats. I experienced childhood in what most conservativists would see an Utopia ; tonss of cash, renown, social intelligence, and great preservationist esteems. Be that as it may, their qualities were in truth feel, and keeping these style administered and demolished their lives. Nearly everybody in this rural working class framework detested their lives, but since they had been raised to adore stylish fantasies they felt that to request them was an induction of individual disappointment. What are these fantasies? they # 8217 ; re old and bromidic however I # 8217 ; ll run on them again: that # 8217 ; s cash fulfills you, that society is correct and that poverty is awful, that keeping show in each feature of your life is a definitive decent, that abnormality from these contemplations is sin. ECT. I # 8217 ; m non heading out to express that the polar antonyms of the clich # 233 ; s is valid, that would be one of the weaknesss of the fanatic left. I accept that for the most segment these gauges are superfluous. Cash can do life simpler, however it other than can do life languishing. Neediness can be terrible however it can other than be good. Show has some valid statements and some awful focuses . All that matters is flexibleness that should let for the prosperity of the single without trading off the privileges of different people. At the point when conservativists mention their reiteration of indecencies homosexuality, singular parent family units, multiculturalism, ect. I # 8217 ; m consistently asking # 8216 ; why? # 8217 ; . On the off chance that individuals are cheerful being gay so whets off base with that? it might be a way of life that # 8217 ; s stylishly not the same as what we # 8217 ; ve been raised with, yet so what? furthermore, singular parent family units? better a cherishing singular parent family unit than a # 8216 ; customary family # 8217 ; wherein the guardians abhor one another and the male parent is a riffraff rouser. One ground that we have such a wide collection of substitute ways of life is that the customary ways of life that the conservativists champion are much of the time rather defective and prohibitive. Prohibitive mores can be tremendous when applied to people groups savage inclinations, yet limitation is dreadfully undesirable when its used to obtain individuals to fit in with intervene cultural firsts. This limitation can do individuals experience inconsistent and mediocre and it should be done off with. On the off chance that individual # 8217 ; s gay, permit them be gay. On the off chance that your kid needs to get hitched a dark grown-up female ( or white or xanthous or Muslim ) so permit the, . We have to adore one another and back up each other regardless of whether we decide to populate in alternatives yet innocuous ways. Clearly if your kid is a raper or a wifebeater or a child molester so you have to oppugn your help of his activities and qualities. I # 8217 ; m non guarding a retreat for obligation. I accept that individual and cultural great being is based upon and establishment of troublesome work, genuineness, honestness, determination, respect, resilience, and other great # 8216 ; values. # 8217 ; But it doesn # 8217 ; t check what the social sign of the qualities resembles. It very well may be straight or gay or male or female or dark or white or anything each piece long as its deferential and causes the practician to feel great. So my encourage to social conservativists ( and others ) is develop an assault to values dependent on rules rather than style. I would other than wish to state that any proclamations on the estimations of others, especially declarations turning into the pre-scriptive realm, should be mindful, self evident actuality, legitimate and non just the commonly disdainful and traditionalist vacuums that we # 8217 ; ve become so used to.

Gullivers Travels :: essays research papers

Gulliver’s Travels      In the novel, Gulliver’s Travels, Jonathan Swift tends to numerous things amiss with the general public around him. His depiction of English society shows the amount he saw fiendish in it. He fundamentally tended to five issues all through his book: war, government and politics,economy, society, and humanity all in all.      The Lilliputians reveal the idiocracy of war in our general public. The Little-Ender and Big-Ender war all began the discussion of what direction to break an egg. It didn’t matter that the whole explanation of the war was strange - nobody realized that reason. They just battled on the grounds that they realized that they battled quite a while in the past, and speculated that it ought to have been for a valid justification.      Gulliver himself even indicated the foolishness of war when he clarified the reasons England would battle to Mistress or the Queen of Brobdingnag. His defenses to battle were just on the grounds that the foe was more vulnerable and they needed more land. This shows Swift’s compassion toward Ireland around then.      Swift accepted that legislative issues and government were games. The “election'; of “leaping and crawling'; of the Lilliputians was the premise of picking their administration authorities. The legislature was ran with individuals that could go under or bounce over a stick. The whole thought of classes and positions appeared to be moronic to Swift.      The island of Brobdingnag depicted Swift’s thought of an ideal society. Everybody was equivalent, and everybody got an equivalent offer. There were no assessments and everybody got a state in how to manage issues that emerged.      When Gulliver disclosed English society to the sovereign of Brobdingnag, she no longer respected the little man with amazement. She announced that the wrongdoings of his general public were lying and cheating, and the English were ghastly vermin. At the point when Gulliver chose to show the sovereign a miracle of his general public, he appeared to additionally estrange himself since he indicated her the damaging tendency of his reality.      Swift most likely realized that having information was power. Be that as it may, the illogical looking for of information was of no utilization to him. At the Academy, teachers would remain inside for quite a long time at once, letting nature outside go to squander. They would contemplate various approaches to perform basic errands and searched for answers to questions that hadn’t any. They didn't accept a thing of nature as God proposed it, rather they dismantled it and examined it.      Swift considered mankind to be detestable, as depicted in the life of the Houyhnhms and Yahoos.

A Biography of Geographer Ellen Churchill Semple

A Biography of Geographer Ellen Churchill Semple Ellen Churchill Semple will long be associated with her commitments to American geology regardless of her relationship with the since quite a while ago dismissed subject of natural determinism. Ellen Semple was conceived amidst the Civil War in Louisville, Kentucky on January 8, 1863. Her dad was a genuinely wealthy proprietor of a tool shop and her mom dealt with Ellen and her six (or conceivably four) kin. Ellens mother urged the youngsters to peruse and Ellen was particularly enchanted with books about history and travel. As a youngster, she appreciated horseback riding and tennis. Semple went to open and non-public schools in Louisville until she was sixteen when she took off to school in Poughkeepsie, New York. Semple went to Vassar College where she earned her lone rangers degree in history at nineteen years old. She was the class valedictorian, gave the beginning location, was one of thirty-nine female alumni, and was the most youthful alumni in 1882. Following Vassar, Semple came back to Louisville where she educated at the non-public school worked by her more established sister; she likewise got dynamic in nearby Louisville society. Neither instructing nor social commitment intrigued her enough, she wanted substantially more intelligent incitement. Luckily, she got an opportunity to get away from her weariness. To Europe In a 1887 excursion to London with her mom, Semple met an American man who had quite recently finished a Ph.D. at the University of Leipzig (Germany). The man, Duren Ward, informed Semple regarding a unique educator of topography at Leipzig named Friedrich Ratzel. Ward lent Semple a duplicate of Ratzels book, Anthropogeographie, which she drenched herself in for quite a long time and in this manner chose to concentrate under Ratzel at Leipzig. She got back to complete work on a bosses degree by composing a proposition titled Slavery: A Study in Sociology and by examining human science, financial matters, and history. She earned her lords degree in 1891 and hurried to Leipzig to concentrate under Ratzel. She got facilities with a nearby German family so as to improve her capacities in the German language. In 1891, ladies were not permitted to be taken a crack at German colleges in spite of the fact that by exceptional authorization they could be permitted to go to talks and courses. Semple met Ratzel and got authorization to go to his courses. She needed to sit separated from the men in the study hall so in her top notch, she sat in the first column alone among 500 men. She stayed at the University of Leipzeg through 1892 and afterward returned again in 1895 for extra investigation under Ratzel. Since she was unable to enlist at the college, she never earned a degree from her examinations under Ratzel and along these lines, never really acquired a propelled degree in topography. In spite of the fact that she Semple was notable in the geology circles of Germany, she was moderately obscure in American topography. After coming back to the United States, she started to examine, compose, and distribute articles and started to increase a name for herself in American geology. Her 1897 article in the Journal of School Geography, The Influence of the Appalachian Barrier upon Colonial History was her first scholastic distribution. In this article, she indicated that anthropological research could for sure be concentrated in the field. Turning into an American Geographer What set up Semple as a genuine geographer was her remarkable field work and examination into the individuals of the Kentucky good countries. For longer than a year, Semple investigated the mountains of her home state and found specialty networks that had not changed much since they were first settled. The English verbally expressed in a portion of these networks despite everything conveyed a British pronunciation. This work was distributed in 1901 in the article The Anglo-Saxons of the Kentucky Mountains, a Study in Antropogeography in the Geographical Journal. Semples composing style was a scholarly one and she was an entrancing instructor, which energized enthusiasm for her work. In 1933, Semple follower Charles C. Colby expounded on the effect of Semples Kentucky article, Probably this short article has terminated more American understudies to enthusiasm for topography than some other article at any point composed. There was a solid enthusiasm for Ratzels thoughts in America so Ratzel urged Semple to make his thoughts known to the English-talking world. He asked that she interpret his distributions however Semple didn't concur with Ratzels thought of the natural state so she chose to distribute her own book dependent on his thoughts. American History and Its Geographic Conditions was distributed in 1903. It increased wide recognition was as yet required perusing in numerous topography offices over the United States during the 1930s. Keep on paging Two Her Career Takes Off The distribution of her first book propelled Semples vocation. In 1904, she got one of the forty-eight sanction individuals from the Association of American Geographers, under the administration of William Morris Davis. That equivalent year she was named Associate Editor of the Journal of Geography, a position she held until 1910. In 1906, she was enlisted by the countrys first Department of Geography, at the University of Chicago. (The Department of Geography at the University of Chicago was built up in 1903.) She stayed associated with the University of Chicago until 1924 and instructed there in rotating years. Semples second significant book was distributed in 1911. Impacts of Geographic Environment further elucidated Semples natural deterministic perspective. She felt that atmosphere and geographic area was the significant reason for a people activities. In the book, she listed endless guides to demonstrate her point. For instance, she detailed that the individuals who live in mountain passes are generally looters. She gave contextual investigations to demonstrate her point however she didnt incorporate or examine counter models that could refute her hypothesis. Semple was a scholarly of her time and keeping in mind that her thoughts can be viewed as bigot or exceedingly straightforward today, she opened up new fields of thought inside the control of topography. Later geographic idea dismissed the basic circumstances and logical results of Semples day. That equivalent year, Semple and a couple of companions traveled to Asia and visited Japan (for a quarter of a year), China, the Philippines, Indonesia, and India. The excursion gave an enormous measure of grain for extra articles and introductions throughout the following barely any years. In 1915, Semple built up her energy for the geology of the Mediterranean locale and invested a lot of her time examining and expounding on this bit of the world for an incredible rest. In 1912, she showed geology at Oxford University and was a speaker at Wellesley College, the University of Colorado, Western Kentucky University, and UCLA through the span of the following two decades. During World War I, Semple reacted to the war exertion as did most geographers by offering talks to officials about the topography of the Italian front. After the war, she proceeded with her educating. In 1921, Semple was chosen President of the Association of American Geographers and acknowledged a situation as a Professor of Anthropogeography at Clark University, a position she held until her demise. At Clark, she instructed courses to graduate understudies in the fall semester and spent the spring semester inquiring about and composing. All through her scholastic profession, she arrived at the midpoint of one significant paper or book every year. Sometime down the road The University of Kentucky regarded Semple in 1923 with a privileged doctorate qualification in law and set up the Ellen Churchill Semple Room to house her private library. Blasted with a cardiovascular failure in 1929, Semple started to capitulate to sick wellbeing. During this time she was taking a shot at her third significant book - about the geology of the Mediterranean. Following a protracted medical clinic remain, she had the option to move to a home nearby Clark University and with the assistance of an understudy, she distributed Geography of the Mediterranean Region in 1931. She moved from Worcester, Massachusetts (the area of Clark University) to the hotter atmosphere of Ashevlle, North Carolina in late 1931 trying to reestablish her wellbeing. Specialists there suggest a much milder atmosphere and lower height so after a month she moved to West Palm Beach, Florida. She kicked the bucket in West Palm Beach on May 8, 1932 and was covered at the Cave Hill Cemetery in her old neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky. A couple of months after her passing, the Ellen C. Semple School was committed in Louisville, Kentucky. Semple School is still in presence today. The University of Kentucky Geography Department has an Ellen Churchill Semple Day each spring to respect the control of geology and its achievements. In spite of Carl Sauers attestation that Semple was an insignificant American mouthpiece for her German ace, Ellen Semple was a productive geographer who served the order well and prevailing in spite of huge obstructions for her sexual orientation in the corridors of the scholarly world. She unquestionably has the right to be perceived for her commitment to the progression of geology.

Midsummer Nights Dream Essays (715 words) - Fiction, Arts, Film

Midsummer Night's Dream Following a night of meandering through the forested areas, pursuing pixies, having different mixtures scoured over their eyes, falling all through adoration, and undermining each other's lives and appendages, the four admirers of A Midsummer Night's Dream wake up in the backwoods to the trumpeting of horns and end up encompassed by respectability. It's no big surprise they are confounded, and can't genuinely say . . . (IV.1.7) how they wound up where they are and what happened the prior night. Be that as it may, what they make certain about is the way they feel towards each other. Regardless of whether it's an affection that has blurred, developed over again or been there up and down, the four sweethearts have a conviction about who (m) they love that is as solid if not more grounded than it is at some other point in the play. Lysander is the first of the four lovers to respond to Theseus' wonderment at their circumstance. He concedes that I will answer amazedly,/Half rest, half waking. Be that as it may, up 'til now, I swear,/I can't genuinely say how I came here. (IV.1.145-7). In this portion, Lysander's tone is naturally somewhat stupefied and uncertain, and his reaction is covered with vulnerability. This tone of shock is likewise present in the musings of Demetrius, Helena, and Hermia. Methinks I see these things with separated eye,/When everything appears to be twofold (IV.1.188-9) shouts Hermia, and Helena concurs that So methinks.(IV.1.190). Demetrius is befuddled to such an extent that he thinks that its important to ask the others Are you certain that we are conscious? I can't help thinking/That yet we rest, we dream. (IV.1.192-4). The fundamental tone all through this 'waking scene' is one of anxiety and disarray among dreams and reality; however the main time the darlings express genuine vulner ability is while they are sifting through what coincidentally fronted of them including the Duke and his chasing party. Demetrius asks the others Do not you think/The Duke was here, and offered us tail him? (IV.1.194-5), and just reasons that Why, at that point, we are alert. (IV.1.197) in the wake of getting affirmation from the others. Be that as it may, this tone of vulnerability blurs when the four discussion about their actual loves. Demetrius concedes that I wot know by what power . . . (IV.1.163) that his affection for Hermia has Melted as the snow . . .(IV.1.165), yet he is certain that The article and the delight of mine eye,/is just Helena. (IV.1.169-70). Lysander and Hermia don't allude to their affection as whenever being in question - their disarray again just relates to what's going on directly; what Hermia sees as though out of center, with separated eye . . . (IV.1.188). While it would take an entire other paper to discuss whether Demetrius is extremely infatuated with Helena in his tranquilized state, she at any rate is persuaded of his adoration. In the forested areas, Helena was certain that Demetrius' promises of reverence were to disdain her, and even as he professed to adore her, she mourned Wherefore talks he this/To her he detests? (III.2.227-8). Be that as it may, the following morning, she respects his promises with less uncertainty, and rather mirrors that she has Found Demetrius, similar to a gem/Mine own and not mine own.(IV.1.190). She recognizes that Demetrius was lost to her own at a certain point, however more critically she presently realizes that he is found. Helena's new acknowledgment of Demetrius' adoration could be on the grounds that his pledges are considerably more concrete than they were in the forested areas. There Demetrius broadcasted his affection through cases of deference and excessive admiration; utilizing turn expre ssions of artists without genuine profundity, similar to when he stirs and all of a sudden pronounces Helena to be a goddess, fairy, great, divine . . . (III.2.137). Toward the beginning of the day his announcements convey a demeanor of more explanation, and spotlight not on void catchphrases of magnificence and enthusiasm. Rather, Demetrius announces more what he feels, saying Now I do wish [for Helena's love], love it, long for it,/And will for evermore be consistent with it.(IV.1.174-5). His sentiments of adoration are currently increasingly certain and sure, accordingly he can communicate them with language progressively concrete. Shakespeare Essays

Common App Essay Question Sample - Answers That Make Sense

Common App Essay Question Sample - Answers That Make SenseCommon App Essay Question 1 samples can help you come up with good, effective answers to the questions asked. When writing an App essay, it is vital that you follow directions as stated in the assignment and make your answers flow logically. Answers you give will be used as the basis for judging the merit of your work, thus, it is important that you know how to answer a few specific App essay question sample questions.In order to give answers that are compelling and usable, you should look for good, well-written answers to common App essay question. Answering correctly requires first knowing the purpose of the question and answering it carefully. If you feel unsure about the answer, you should reword it so that it makes sense. If you think it doesn't, then you need to rephrase it so that it makes sense.Most common App essay question samples ask students to answer about their experiences with a certain topic or subject matter. Students are assigned examples of various subjects, such as traveling abroad or seeing a movie in the theater. When answering these questions, you must write an essay of about 300 words that will be used as a basis for judging the merit of your work.Usually, the next part of the assignment asks you to provide five to seven responses that address the examples given in the assignment. Before completing the essay, you should read through the samples of App essay questions for ideas. You can also choose to compose a 'masterpiece' on the topics given in the samples, which can be the basis for your work.When composing a masterpiece, you should follow instructions as stated in the Common App Essay Question Sample so that your essay flow and makes sense. Here are some sample questions from the Common App Essay Question Sample A:As long as you follow the directions, your essay should go without a hitch. If you get stuck or have trouble writing an answer, you should refer back to the sample e ssay. Try to figure out what the samples asked about and work from there. Just be sure to rewrite it completely and make it fit with your topic.Students are often confused when they find App essay question samples that require answers on technical subjects such as physics, biology, and chemistry. These types of questions are easy to answer with simple words and sentences. Remember that, when you are working on a Common App Essay Question Sample, you are working on a very specific assignment and therefore, you should spend your time on writing properly and not on trying to add detail to your essays.The more specific you can be in your writing, the easier it will be to answer the questions on the samples. It is also important that you use the terms correctly so that you will not appear to be a spammer. Also, when you are typing your essay, remember to change the punctuation so that you will not make spelling mistakes while working on your essay.

Finance Essays - Management Company Stockholders - Free Essay Example

Management Company Stockholders 1.1 Introduction In business finance management, the main objective of a public-listed company is to maximise the market value of the company and the wealth of the stockholders. Traditionally, stockholders yield the power and authority to hire and fire management should the latter fail to produce high returns with calculated risks for the company. Theoretically, the Finance Manager should act in the best interest of the stockholders by taking appropriate actions that will maximise the stock prices, which is a conservation concept that differs in reality. This will be discussed in depth in this paper. 1.2 Agency Relationship Problems In a public-listed company, there is a demarcation between the ownership and management due to differing interests, resulting in the possibility of conflicts of interests between the stockholders and the management, usually termed as an agency problem. The stockholders or Principals will appoint the managers or Agents to run the business. This relationship is also known as the Agency Relationship, which give rise to the following problems: When a company becomes public listed, the owner is appointed as the Agent by the Stockholders. The separation of management and ownership of the company results in managers making decisions that are not in-sync with the stockholders objective of maximising their wealth. Managers incurring high expenses by exploiting the perquisites such as expensive office decoration, high remuneration, travelling in business class flights or usage of private jets, claiming high transportation and entertainment costs at the companys expense. This is clearly depicted by the ex-CEO, TT Durai of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) where it was reported that his annual salary was $600,000 and had lavish personal spending using the monies that were donated to NKF. Managers may adopt an extreme risk aversion attitude and refrain from investing in high risks investments with high returns for fear of losing their job should the investment fail. On the other hand, if they make money, the money will not go into their pockets, instead it will be the stockholders that stand to gain. The managers may act in their own interests rather than those of the stockholders. With no turnover or re-appointment of the managers and executives over the years, powers have been monopolised and resulted in vested personal interest of their own. Hence, this will lead to the employment of friends into the management and employing personal audit teams. Using the example of NKF, TT Durai has held the appointment as CEO for a period, resulting in his over-usage of companys funds for his own personal usage, and collaborated with his friends in fake business deals. Lack of proper governance in the company, which results in manipulation of accounting documents and false reporting of financial issues. An example is another charity saga after the NKF scandal of Ren Ci Hospital and Medicare Centre, which involved the Chairman, a Buddhist monk, Ming Yi. Ming Yi had doctored the accounts books and provided false information to the auditors and the Commissioner of Charities. He was also found guilty in lending the hospitals monies to the Mandala Buddhist Cultural Centre whereby he has a share in it. Poor risk management practice. With the increased complexity of investment options, companies failed to identify and thus implement the appropriate risk management policies should any of their investment options fails. The recent bankruptcy of the Lehman Brothers and the near-bankruptcy of the American International Group (AIG) were good examples of poor risk management practice. If theses agency problems are not properly resolved, in time to come, dire consequences may follow that could lead to the bankruptcy of the company, as illustrated in the agency problems in China Aviation Oil Company (Singapore). 1.3 Agency Problems of China Aviation Oil 1.3.1 Brief Background China Aviation Oil (Singapore) Corporation Ltd (CAO) shocked the stock market with the losses amounting to US$550 million on 30th November 2004 from oil option trading. CAO is a China company that is based in Singapore with its core business in jet fuel. Agency Problems It was revealed during the investigation that CAO has several agency problems, which led to the downfall of the Company. The major problems are as listed as follows: Loss arose after CAO had placed wrong bets on oil price movements. Instead of recuperating from the losses, CAO aggravated the matter by doubling its bets and selling larger put options with longer expirations. CAOs former CEO and Chairman of the parent Company in China made their own decisions instead of adhering to the Companys rules in decision-making process. They collaborated and transferred funds from the parent company to salvage CAO when the put options were rendered worthless. Lack of transparency and proper accounting in that the stockholders were unaware of the situation. Lack of corporate governance and monitoring in the management level by the stockholders. 1.4 Counter-Measures The agency problems faced by CAO could have been avoided if the following counter-measures were adopted; Proper system of corporate governance authorised by the stockholders. From the on-start, the proper procedures prior to the trading of derivations of oil prices should be to seek approval from the stockholders. However, CAOs ex-CEO made his own decision to venture further, after making some profits by purchasing the put options that eventually led to the loss of US$550 millions. This is an obvious personal decision of the ex-CEO. To aggravate the grim situation, he collaborated with the Chairman of the parent company in China to purchase all the worthless put options in order to salvage CAO from collapsing. If proper governance system has been implemented such as imposing restrictions on the authority of the CEO, the situation would have been salvaged. The stockholders were unaware of the situation as there was a lack of transparency in the accounting reporting. The app ointment of a team of external auditors by the stockholders would have put this situation in place with frequent annual or impromptu accounts audits on the management. This would have prevented the forgery of account documents to cover the losses faced by the company. The ex-CEO, CAO was left to run the business without any interference or check-back systems initiated by the stockholders to safeguard their interest. A board of directors can be appointed to supervise the management performance and to ensure that any decisions made are in the best interest of the stockholders. This enables the stockholders to have a hold over the management to ensure that business is profitable and safe. A possible deterrence is to implement a reward and punishment system such as increasing the salaries, bonuses and providing stock options for performance and dismissal for non-performance. An annual review on the re-appointment of the CEO and the executives to prevent possible monopolisation of authority and forming of cliques within the management level. 1.5 Conclusion As clearly illustrated by the CAOs issue, agency problems have to be identified and resolved at the earliest time, if not, the companys stocks will fall and the stockholders will suffer a loss. Relevant counter-measures have to be implemented at all levels to prevent any abuse of authority, fraud and insider trading. 2.1 Introduction In business finance, there are several investment appraisal methods to assist in the determination whether an investment is profitable to partake. These methods include calculation of the Net Present Value (NPV), Average Accounting Return (AAR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) to assess the profitability returns of an investment and assessing the Discounted Payback Period to determine the shortest repayment period. Theses individual investment appraisal methods will be further elaborated in the following paragraphs. 2.2 Net Present Value Net Present Value (NPV) is the measure of how much value is added today by undertaking an investment. In simple terms, NPV of an investment is the difference between an investments market value and its cost as shown in the below example: Example 1: Adeline intends to invest in a new project with a start-up cost of $50, 000. The table below shows the cash flows for the new project. The desired rate of return for the investment is at 10% per annum. What is the NPV and advice for Adeline whether she should proceed to invest in the project? Year Project A Cash Flow ($) 1 10, 000 2 30, 000 3 40, 000 NPV for Project: n Cash Flow ($) Disc. F. = 1 / (1 + 0.1)n PV ($) 0 50, 000 1 50, 000 1 10, 000 0.909 9, 090 2 30, 000 0.826 24, 780 3 40, 000 0.751 30, 040 NPV at 10% = $13, 910 The project has a positive NPV, which is $13, 910. This means that the investment is returning more than the desired rate of return of 10% per annum. As such, Adeline should invest in the project. In the calculation of NPV, there are certain advantages and disadvantages as follows: Advantages: It provides a correct advice based on a perfect capital market situation and provides correct ranking for mutually exclusive projects. It gives an absolute value. It allows for time value of the cash flows. Disadvantages: It is very difficult in identifying the correct discount rate. NPV appraisal method requires the decision criteria to be specified before appraisal can be undertaken. In other words, if it is a positive NPV, the project will be accepted, whereas if it is a negative NPV, the project will be rejected. 2.3 Discounted Payback Method Discounted Payback Method determines the period in which initial investment is equal to the sum of the discounted cash flows. The rule states that an investment is acceptable if its discounted payback time is less than some pre-specified number of years as explained by using the same scenario in Example 1: n Cash Flow ($) Disc. F. = 1 / (1 + 0.1)n PV ($) Cumulative PV($) 1 10, 000 0.909 9, 090 9, 090 2 30, 000 0.826 24, 780 33, 870 3 40, 000 0.751 30, 040 63, 910 Initial investment cost is $50, 000. Amount remaining after 2 years = $50, 000 $33, 870 = $16, 130 Remaining year = $16, 130 / $30, 040 x 12 months = 6.4 months Therefore, the discounted payback time = 2 years 6.4 months The advantages and disadvantages in the Discounted Payback Method are as follows: Advantages It takes into account the time value of money. It is easy to understand. It does not accept negative NPV value. Disadvantages It may reject positive NPV investment. It requires an arbitrary cut-off point. It ignores cash flows beyond the cut-off date. It is biased against long-term projects or investment such as Research and Development projects or land-banking investment. 2.4 Average Accounting Return Average Accounting Return (AAR) is similar to NPV, in making capital budgeting decisions. AAR is based on the average accounting return; a project is acceptable if its AAR exceeds a target average accounting return as illustrated: Example 2: Zak set up a car grooming shop with the required investment of $300, 000. The shops lease will expire in 5 years time; the depreciation will be a straight line over the 5 years. Profit is taxed at 20%. The table below shows the revenue and expenses for the 5 years. An average accounting return of 15% per annum is intended. Should this project be accepted? 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year Revenue($) 150, 000 200, 000 250, 000 180, 000 270, 000 Expenses($) 50, 000 100, 000 110, 000 70, 000 110, 000 Annual Depreciation = $300, 000 / 5 = $60, 000 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year Revenue($) 150, 000 200, 000 250, 000 180, 000 270, 000 Expenses($) 50, 000 100, 000 110, 000 70, 000 110, 000 Earning before depreciation($) 100, 000 100, 000 140, 000 110, 000 160, 000 Depreciation($) 60, 000 60, 000 60, 000 60, 000 60, 000 Earning before tax($) 40, 000 40, 000 80, 000 50, 000 100, 000 Tax @ 20%($) 8, 000 8, 000 16, 000 10, 000 20, 000 Net Income($) 32, 000 32, 000 64, 000 40, 000 80, 000 Average Net Income = $(32, 000 + 32, 000 + 64, 000 + 40, 000 + 80, 000) / 5 = $248, 000 / 5 = $49, 600 Average book value of investment = $300, 000 / 2 = $150, 000 AAR = $49, 600 / $150, 000 x 100% = 33.07% Since the intended average accounting return is 15% per annum, this investment is considered more than acceptable. However, there are certain advantages and disadvantages whilst using the AAR as follows: Advantages: It is easy to understand and compute. The accounting information is easily available and hence, it is always possible to calculate AAR. Disadvantages AAR is not a true representation of investment as it failed to take into account the time value of money. It uses an arbitrary cut-off point and a benchmark to consider whether an investment is acceptable. It is based on the book value of the investment and not the cash flows and the market value of investment. 2.5 The Internal Rate of Return Internal Rate of Return or IRR is an important alternative to NPV in which a single rate of return for the investment is identified to summarise the merits of a project. IRR only depends on the cash flows and not the rate of interest offered by banks. Based on IRR rule, an investment is acceptable if the IRR exceeds the desired return, if not, it will be rejected. This is shown as follows: Example 3: The initial cost of investment of Project Runway is $10, 000. The cash flows are $3,500 in the first year, $5,000 in the second year and $4000 in the third year. Calculate the NPV at 10% and 20% and the IRR if a 15% return of investment is require. Should this project be taken up? n Cash Flows($) Disc. F. = 1 / (1 + 0.1)n PV($) Disc. F. = 1 / (1 + 0.15)n PV($) 0 10, 000 1 10, 000 1 10, 000 1 3500 0.909 3, 181.50 0.870 3, 045 2 5, 000 0.826 4, 130 0.756 3, 780 3 4, 000 0.751 3, 004 0.658 2, 632 315.50 543 IRR = 10 + (315.50) x (15 10) / 315.50 + 543 = 10 + (1577.5 / 858.5) = 10 + 1.838 = 11.84% Since the expected rate of return is 15%, the above project should not be undertaken. The following are the advantages and disadvantages of IRR: Advantages: It gives the results in terms of percentage in which management is familiar. It takes into account the cash flows and the time value of money. Disadvantages: Since the results are in percentage, it ignores the difference in project magnitude and hence, is unreliable when evaluating projects of great difference in size. IRR decision rule will break down for multiple IRR calculations. IRR cannot be depended on to provide correct advice for mutually exclusive investment decisions. References 1. Commercial Affairs Department 2007, Singapore, Case of China Aviation Oil, viewed on 10 Sep 08, lt;https://www.cad.gov.sg/serv/pro/cas/Case+of+China+Aviation+Oil.htmgt; 2. China Aviation Oil (Singapore) Corporation Ltd, 2005, China Aviation Oil (Singapore) Corporation Ltd announces findings of PricewaterhouseCoopers pursuant of its investigations, viewed on 10 Sep 08, lt;bankrupt.com/misc/ChinaAviationPWCReportAnnouncement.pdfgt; 3. Chong Chee Kean 2008, Ren Ci Probe Ten Charges Against Ming Yi, The Straits Times, viewed on 17 Sep 08, lt;https://www.straitstimes.com/Free/Story/STIStory_258042.htmlgt; 4. Kent, Bakar H, Powell, Gary E (2005), Understanding Financial Management A Practical Guide, Blackwell Publishing. 5. Malcolm Borthwick, 2005, Investors throw China Aviation a lifeline, BBC News viewed on 10 Sep 08, lt;https://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/business/4074404.stmgt; 6. Seah Chiang Nee 2007, NKF Scandal Ripples widely felt, The Star viewed on 17 Sep 08, lt;https://www.littlespeck.com/content/politics/CTrendsPolitics-070113.htmgt; 7. Wayne Arnold, 2005, After crash, China Aviation Oil offers creditors sweeter repayment deal, International Herald Tribute, The Global Edition of the New York Times viewed on 10 Sep 08, lt; https://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/12/business/chiav.phpgt;

Book Review Waiting For The Barbarians - 1329 Words

Coetzee’s empire established in Waiting for the Barbarians should be viewed as a direct reference to empires of the real world as it brings light to the nature of the hierarchy within. Waiting for the Barbarians follows the plot of a magistrate’s peaceful life coming to an end due to the sudden appearance of the Third Bureau, the empire’s special forces. A single barbarian woman is left behind after mass imprisonment, and the magistrate takes it upon himself to nurse the wounds left by her torturers. However, his underlying intention is to use her as a means of interrogating his personal desires. Despite the magistrate’s peculiar interest in her people’s culture and history, he cannot seem to see the woman as anything but a barbarian. In†¦show more content†¦Even with the fact that he observed these prisoners daily, his remembrance of her dying father and not her physical appearance shows how his immediate thought that comes with the barbar ians is their suffering. Coetzee’s inclusion of this detail presents the idea that those who are higher up in the social hierarchy of an empire tend to have feelings of false pity towards those who are lower than them. Rather than viewing them as people, they are instead seen as those who don’t have a lifestyle as fortunate as them. An example of this can be seen in the Magistrate’s earlier description of the fisherpeople, describing their lifestyle as â€Å"living in fear of everyone† and â€Å"skulking in the reeds† (18). Though the magistrate is irritated of Joll’s inability to recognize barbarians, this further supports the points mentioned. What seems like a casual description holds connotations of mocking the fisherpeople’s rudimentary lifestyle. Furthermore, as a representative of the Empire, Joll’s lack of better judgement was what caused the fisherpeople to be captured. This portrays his ignorance regarding his percept ion of the barbarians. Thus, Joll’s ignorance and the magistrate’s impression of the barbarians display the divide within the hierarchy. This ultimately continues to enforce the notion that those in the upper hierarchy believe that they have some sort of responsibility over these people. Unfortunately, the notion that the higher are â€Å"responsible† for thoseShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Dark Ages Notes1017 Words   |  5 PagesMother Not Kill ***Thou Shalt 12. According to the video, Who was Clovis? - Clovis was the Barbarian king of the Franks. 13. According to the Ordeal, how were you proven innocent? -A pebble was dropped in a pot of bowling water and you would have to get the pebble. If your hand heals well then your innocent. 14. Who was united due to Clovis? - Barbarian Tribes of France called the Franks. 15. Review: Where city was now the new capital or the new Rome? - Italy -What was still Roman aboutRead More truthhod Quest for Truth in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness2840 Words   |  12 Pagesits counterpart, barbaric wilderness. With the words And this also . . . the comparison is thus initiated between the Roman conquest of Great Britain and the colonization of Africa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the story moves on, we find that the former barbarians of Europe had become the bearers of the light of civilization to new worlds. The Congo, at the apparent time of Marlows visit, was the possession of King Leopold II of Brussels. While the true motive for Leopolds conquest was the amassing of wealthRead MoreSon Of Tears, Chapter by Chapter.3874 Words   |  16 Pagestruth of her words resound and make a huge impact on the heart of Melanie. She runs into the room of the sleeping Adeodatus and weeps with him with a sorrow which has had no outlet for the last nine years. Chapter 24 While standing on the dock waiting for a boat to Rome to start a new life, Augustine recalls a heated conversation between himself and Monica. She urges him to sever his ties with Melanie. He had then told Melanie of his plans, kissed her goodbye and left. While standing on the dockRead MoreCultural Difference11630 Words   |  47 Pagesembedded in a social context† (Skarmeas et al., 2002, p. 772). 2 Consequences of Chinese Cultural Characteristics in Business Strategy in China â€Å"To do effective business in China you must be willing to adjust to Chinese - style commerce, rather than waiting for the Chinese to suddenly adopt western practices just because we think they should† (Engholm, 1994, p32). In China values are imposed socially and through tradition, since they have never been driven by religion. The Chinese do not have an officiallyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOne Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. JudgeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreManagement Challenges for the 21st Century.Pdf60639 Words   |  243 PagesProductivity 6 Managing Oneself Acknowledgments About the Author Books By Peter F. Drucker Credits Front Cover Copyright About the Publisher iii Introduction: Tomorrow’s â€Å"Hot† Issues Where, readers may ask, is the discussion of COMPETITIVE STRATEGY, of LEADERSHIP, of CREATIVITY, of TEAMWORK, of TECHNOLOGY in a book on MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES? Where are the â€Å"HOT† ISSUES OF TODAY? But this is the very reason why they are not in this book. It deals exclusively with TOMORROW’S â€Å"Hot† Issues—the crucialRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words   |  308 Pagesread the text of this e-book on-screen. 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The Essence of Teamwork Essay - 1442 Words

The Essence of Teamwork â€Å"Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their hard work. For if one of them should fall, the other one can raise his partner up. But how will it be with just the one who falls when there is not another to raise him up?† – Ecclesiastes 4:9, 10 As the scriptural text quoted above implies, teamwork can accomplish what the individual cannot do on his or her own. Teamwork is defined as â€Å"a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they are mutually accountable.† (Katzenbach and Smith, 1993) In today’s society, with so much emphasis on pride and personal achievement, the concept of teamwork seems to be†¦show more content†¦However there is a problem when such methods frequently become a substitute for face-to-face communications. Face to face meetings allow for immediate feedback in regards to decision-making and a greater familiarity with other team members. The problems associated with virtual project teaming are limited familiarity with other members, different time zones, inability to resolve conflicts effectively and as always the possibility of technical difficulties with the equipment. Cross-functional teams consist of team members of multiple disciplines, skills and talents. A great amount of projects have parameters that extend above engineering and reach into areas such as marketing, sales, public relations and so forth. Therefore, it is important that team members with different qualifications work in harmony with each other if a project is to be successful. Nevertheless, problems arise when vital team members are not available and no one has any knowledge of their portion of the project. Problems also arise when one team member has little respect for the discipline of another. The by-product of the globalization movement of large corporations and organizations is a growth in diversity. Project teams must develop products and provide services for a mass market. Therefore, project teams now and in the future will include different people, cultures, creeds and different approaches to conducting business. There is greaterShow MoreRelatedThe Essence of Teamwork1460 Words   |  6 PagesE302 Professional World of Work 07/26/04 The Essence of Teamwork Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their hard work. For if one of them should fall, the other one can raise his partner up. But how will it be with just the one who falls when there is not another to raise him up? Ââ€" Ecclesiastes 4:9, 10 As the scriptural text quoted above implies, teamwork can accomplish what the individual cannot do on his or her own. 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Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken The Definition Of Success

Success is not easy to achieve. In Robert Frost’s famous poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the main character describes his success in saying â€Å"Two roads diverged in a wood, and †¦ I took the one less traveled by. And that has made all the difference.† In order to become successful it takes hard work and dedication. Not only that but one must be determined to achieve success. Not many people are willing to go down this path. Success is defined as â€Å"accomplishment of what is desired or aimed at, achievement...† (New Webster’s Dictionary and Thesaurus of the English Language, 988). As noted, success is achieved by someone who has the desire to reach their goal. The New Webster’s Dictionary and Thesaurus of the English Language defines success as â€Å"the†¦show more content†¦By doing so this ensures that the students with the best grades and GPA have a higher possibility in getting into the best universities, therefore; they succeed in life. Students also strive to achieve the best grades in order to become valedictorian and show the universities that they are serious about their studies and prove to them that they are the best fit for their school. However this is not the only type of success there is. Another form of success is familial success. Familial success can come from a numerous ways. Although many people may not see family as a form of success, like money or fame, it sure can be the best form of success a working parent may have. Nowadays it’s most likely that both parents in a household work which results in them missing out on experiencing their children grow due to their jobs. If both parents are able to maintain a stable job, provide for their family, and be able to spend quality time with their children that may be considered the greatest success they are striving for. The children of full time working parents may see spending quality time with their parents as the greatest form of success, and not really focus on the monetary because they are able to enjoy having their parents around. My tia was born here in California. To many that may seem as an advantage but she had many hardships to overcome. She has two brothers and she happens to be the oldest child. At first IShow MoreRelatedThe Poetry Of Robert Frost3137 Words   |  13 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to examine the poetry of Robert Frost for references to themes of nature, religion, and humanity and how they relate to each other. This exercise will be prefaced with a brief introduction to the man and his life as a segue to better understanding Frost’s verse. The unexpected but unavoidable aim of this composition will be to realize that Frost’s body of work is almost too sophisticated to comprehend, his manipulation of language so elusive that each reader may believeRead MoreThe Road Not Taken Analysis Essays5699 Words   |  23 PagesThe Road Not Taken Analysis Author: Poetry of Robert Frost | | Mountain Interval1916Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally lay

The Main Contributions to Charles Dickens Popularity

The Victorian period gave way to a plethora of writers and works that would later be revered as undeniable classics, many works of which we continue to read to this day. One author from this period, however, stands out in all respects of the word. His personal life, written works, and social commentary attribute to the widespread popularity that Charles Dickens managed to accumulate even after his death. He has been the subject of countless hours of research, studies, and literary critiques; regardless of one’s personal opinion, it is impossible to doubt the significance of Dickens and his entire collection of work. Mr. Dickens had an inexplicable gift which allowed him to write and convey some of the greatest stories of that time period, as well as having crafted interesting and memorable characters that have also been subject to study, even in the twenty-first century. Charles Dickens is, without a doubt, an irreplaceable man, a part of literary history who continues to asse rt his importance through the continued survival and appreciation of his works. Early Life and Beginnings as a Writer Charles John Huffam Dickens was born in Portsmouth, Portsea Island, England on 7 February 1812, son of John and Elizabeth Dickens. His father (John Dickens) worked in the Naval Pay Office as a clerk, but aspired to greater things, hoping to ultimately strike it big and become rich. His mother (Elizabeth Dickens nee Barrow) hoped to be a teacher and, later, a school director. Dicken’sShow MoreRelatedVictorian Novel9605 Words   |  39 Pagesdates frame the period of Victorian literature, it is commonly accepted that it was the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) that saw the novel emerge and flourish, all the more that the 1937 was the year when Dickens’ Oliver Twist, the first major work of fiction. The first readers of both, Dickens and Eliot were not conscious they lived in the ‘Victorian period’. They thought that this was a modern era marked with turbulent transition. However, the most crucial writers of the period grew up in the earlierRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesthe beginning of the story there is an emotional loss which makes the protagonist leave on his journey. In a Bildungsroman, the goal is maturity, and the protagonist achieves it gradually and with difficulty. The genre often features a main conflict between the main character and society. Typically, the values of society are gradually accepted by the protagonist and he/she is ultimately accepted into society — the protagonist s mistakes and disappointments are over. In some works, the protagonistRead More The Issue of Inflation Control as an Objectice of Central Banks4407 Words   |  18 Pagesintermediate and long term objectives. 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Ellis Island opened to the public in 1976; visitors can tour the Immigration Museum in the restored Main Arrivals Hall and trace their ancestors through millions of immigrant arrival records made available to the public in 2001.   Federal Hall National Memorial   Federal Hall, located at 26 Wall Street, served as the birthplace of American government:Read MoreBritish Culture11529 Words   |  47 Pagesto each other. Furthermore, Parliament overtook the power of the monarchy in Britain. Anger due to the practices of the Anglican Church grew and ultimately caused: The Civil War (1642) = war between ‘Cavaliers’ and ‘Roundheads’ 1649 – King Charles I is executed ïÆ'   Britain briefly becomes a republic and is called ‘The Common Wealth’. The Glorious Revolution = From now on, a monarch could only rule with the support of parliament. The eighteenth century A relatively stable century. Read MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagespublication and the printing of this volume, have become obsolete and no longer correspond to the present state of my investigations.** Thus, in the case of partial changes in my orientation, or simply of new developments, or even when recent contributions to the field by other authors had to be accounted for, I have preferred toupdate merely by adding notes (rather long ones when necessary) instead of modifying the original texts. †  * Originally published in French under the title Essais sur laRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesNetherlands At last, a text that brings organization theory into the 21st century! This is the first organization theory textbook to provide full and informed coverage of a range of contemporary developments in the field. Notably, it includes diverse contributions to organization theory made by critical management studies. It really is pathbreaking in terms of its inclusion of material that does not appear in other texts. Professor Hugh Willmott, Cardiff Business School, UK This is one of the most up-to-dateRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages62 Experiential Exercise Feeling Excluded 62 Ethical Dilemma Board Quotas 62 Case Incident 1 The Flynn Effect 63 Case Incident 2 Increasing Age Diversity in the Workplace 64 3 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Attitudes 70 What Are the Main Components of Attitudes? 70 †¢ Does Behavior Always Follow from Attitudes? 71 †¢ What Are the Major Job Attitudes? 73 Job Satisfaction 78 Measuring Job Satisfaction 79 †¢ How Satisfied Are People in Their Jobs? 80 †¢ What Causes Job Satisfaction? 81 †¢Read Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesposting process; and (9)†¯participants in the public hearing process. 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A Worn Path Analysis - 944 Words

The short story A Worn Path, is around an old African American woman named Phoenix Jackson who makes an arduous trip into town needing prescription for her sick grandson. Amid her outing she talks resoundingly to herself in an urging way to bear the troublesome trek. She has made this trek commonly some time recently, yet this one appears to be essentially harder to oversee. After her daring endeavors and love for her lone grandson, she is effective at recovering the solution. Shockingly, the creator persuades it might have been her final excursion on the way into town. Creator Eudora Welty utilizes imagery, symbolism, and theme in A Warn Path to delineate the principle characters hindrances and difficulties to accomplish her†¦show more content†¦Phoenix might be accustomed to being debilitated and in that capacity, never again fears these dangers. The way that Phoenix lives so distant from town may likewise be huge as it is removing Phoenix from others (and the individuals who live around the local area) that Welty might feature the racial confinement that existed at the time. In A Worn Path by Eudora Welty, Phoenix Jackson has many powerful, and noteworthy allusions. Phoenix Jackson fills in as a suggestion to a flying creature, the Phoenix. This fanciful animal ascents from his own cinders after death. Upon its resurrection, the Phoenix turns out to be significantly more grounded than it was in its past life. Like this flying creature, Phoenix Jackson faces numerous hardships in her trip for her grandsons drug, however picks up quality in defeating obstructions. Although Phoenix is halted by a white man who tries to prevent her from entering town, she kept still with a furious and different radiation. Phoenix, subsequent to being criticized and offended, finds internal certainty and assurance to press forward. Much the same as the legendary animal, Phoenix Jackson transcends her difficulties in life and abandons her hardships previously. Eudora Welty makes this implication to delineate the ostensibly old and hallucinating Phoenix as a character of qualit y. In addition, Phoenix’s excursion is an allusion to Odysseus’s. The adventure isnt precisely an Odysseus voyage, but instead aShow MoreRelatedA Worn Path Analysis1058 Words   |  5 PagesConfrontations and Perseverance: â€Å"A Worn Path† Analysis â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, published in the Atlantic Monthly during February 1941, portrays an elderly, southern, African American woman’s endurance through a lengthy journey from her home to Natchez, Mississippi to obtain medicine for her ill grandson, who has lye poisoning. Throughout the journey, the protagonist, Phoenix Jackson, confronts several conflicts testing her. The tale describes the encounters of Phoenix Jackson during her travelsRead MoreA Worn Path Analysis999 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, published in the Atlantic Monthly during February 1941, portrays an elderly, southern, African American woman’s endurance through a lengthy journey from her home to Natchez, Mississippi to obtain medicine for her ill grandson, who has lye poisoning. Throughout the journey, the protagonist, Phoenix Jackson, confronts several conflicts testing her. The tale describes the encounters of Phoenix Jackson during her travels us ing literary devices such as symbolism, conflictRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Worn Path1221 Words   |  5 PagesOvercoming Obstacles: A Literary Analysis of â€Å"A Worn Path† Thesis: â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty is one of the best short stories to incorporate different symbolic representations of determination and the will to live. I. Introduction II. Phoenix A. Definition B. Characteristics III. Natural symbolism A. Steep hill B. Thorns of bush IV. Perceived Racism A. Imagined cake B. White hunter V. Arrival in Natchez A. Nurses’ comments BRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Worn Path710 Words   |  3 PagesLiterary Analysis of A Worn Path, by Eudora Welty The famous short-story, A Worn Path, has enlightened many readers since it was published in 1941. This story tells the tale of an old woman and her long adventure to town. She experiences many obstacles her journey and people who make her consider giving up, but she keeps her head high and continues on. Welty’s inspiration struck when an elderly woman walked past in the distance on her way through the countryside. â€Å"A Worn Path† is an uplifting taleRead MoreAnalysis of A Worn Path Essay648 Words   |  3 Pageslived a lifetime of hardship. Her role in society is an old black woman in a white world, though she is not ashamed of her inferior position. She has walked a path periodically to get medicine for her chronically ill grandson who drank lye. On a cold December day, she shares one of her journeys to the hospital in Eudora Weltys A Worn Path. This specific journey is examined closely of an old woman full of dedication, dignity and high morale. Before the journey even begins, we come to an understandingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book A Worn Path 1314 Words   |  6 PagesCaleb Clifford Dr. Vogel American Experience, period 6 1 Nov 2014 Racial Prejudice in America: Alive and Well In â€Å"A Worn Path† an old black woman is seen walking through the forest to get medicine for her grandson. Eudora Welty puts the hunter, the doctor’s office, and aspects of the journey itself in Phoenix’s path to symbolize the ongoing struggle of the African American community to gain freedom in post-slavery American society. At the end of her journey, Phoenix obtains medicine that admittedlyRead MoreCharacter Analysis : A Worn Path952 Words   |  4 Pages The main character in â€Å"A Worn Path† is an old woman named Phoenix. She is a very determined and strong woman. The other main character is The Protagonist from â€Å"The Lone Ranger and Tonto†. He is the contrary of Phoenix, he is lost and depressed. Although, both of them are socially isolated or have isolated themselves from society. Both of them come from different -worlds-, the protagonist had a â€Å"good† life full of opportunities. Phoenix had a poor life, from a racist world and little, or no, opportunitiesRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Worn Path By Eudora Welty )945 Words   |  4 PagesJourney of Thanks (Literary analysis of A Worn Path by Eudora Welty) How far should one travel to another if they know the will not be thanked for their actions? Eudora Welty, a lady that wrote in a male dominated world, wrote the story A Worn Path, which is consider one of the greatest works of the twentieth century. A Worn Path is about Phoenix Jackson an older woman that goes on a journey through the forest to get to a hospital in another town becauseRead MoreEssay on Character Analysis-a Worn Path918 Words   |  4 Pagesalong with many other things. The word determination is defined as, â€Å"the act of coming to a decision or of fixing or settling a purpose.† Will-power is, â€Å"the strength or will to carry out one’s decisions, wishes, or plans.† In the short story A Worn Path by Eudora Welty, the main character Phoenix carried out the meaning of these two words throughout the whole story. She had experienced many road blocks during her journey, but she did not let them stop her from reaching the goal she had at the timeRead More An Analysis of Eudora Weltys A Worn Path Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesA Worn Path – An Analysis       The short story A Worn Path by Eudora Welty, is a descriptive story of a grandmothers difficult journey, for a grandson she loves. Her devotion to her grandson and wanting to provide him with a better lifestyle, was her motivation to overcome these trials. On this trip, Phoenix Jackson, the grandmother, struggles against old age, nature, and reality.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Phoenix Jackson was certainly a dedicated old lady. She refused to give up, despite the odds

Develop Organizational Market

Question: Describe about the Essay for Develop Organizational Market. Answer: Assessment 1 Marketing evaluation concepts, methods, techniques as used in marketing analysis Competitive analysis The competitor analysis in the marketing is an assessment of generally the strengths and the weakness of any current and potential competitors. In this analysis, it provides both the offensive and also the strategic defensive concepts aimed at identifying the opportunities and the threats to the business. The idea of the competitors analysis is imperative to the corporate strategy implementation. It is important to note that the competitors analysis is done about the competitors of the business. It is done on the analysis of the rival firms. You try to figure on the situations that may provide the opportunity and the threat to the businesses (Bell, 1979). Life Cycles model The life cycle model is traditionally broken down mainly into four stages; the introduction, the growth, the maturity and the decline. (Bell, 1979)In the introduction stage, the product is released to the market. This entails the pricing and the branding decisions which are made for the marketing begins. On the growth stage, the vendors work on their increasing on the brand recognition and the market share. The next stage is the maturity stage, in which the saturation of the market is achieved fully. At this stage, the attempt is to maintain the market share. (Bell, 1979) On the decline, the stage is where the production decline and an exit strategy is to be set in the motion. Product portfolio analysis In every business, it needs to have access and the evaluation of the performance of their marketing. This is thus achieved through the monitoring on how well each product is doing within a product portfolio, or the product mix is performing.(Berry, 1995) In this process, it should clearly highlights on whether the business money set aside is for the marketing budget is used effectively. The portfolio analysis is a technique that is utilized by the firms that identify the position of each product that are within the market. An example of the method used is the Boston Matrix that analysis on the goods and the services of the business in regards to their share of the market. SWOT analysis in marketing On the SWOT analysis is a model that is used to analyze the organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and the threats to create a foundation of the marketing strategy. In this regards, the analysis takes into account of what the organization can do, what it cannot and the favorable and the unfavorable conditions in regards to the products and services of the firm. This analysis will help in the capitalizing on the opportunities by use of the strengths. Besides, it will also contribute to avoiding on the threats and minimization of the weaknesses.(Bell, 1979) The overall output, if these are achieved, would bring an increase in the customer value and improve on the competitive advantage of the firm. Value chain analysis On this concept, it examines the development of the competitive advantage. On the analysis, it consists of a series of activities that creates and build on the value. It relies on the basic economic principles of the advantage. (Dibb, Simkin, Pride Ferrell, 2005)In other words, the companies operate in the sectors that they have a productive position as compared to their competitors. It is important to note that the activities in the organization add the value to the services and the products that particular team produces. These activities, therefore, should be running at optimal levels for the group to gain the competitive advantage. In so doing the value obtained would be greater than the costs of running them. Financial management techniques The financial management is essentially an integral part of the overall administration of the firm. It majorly focusses on the duties of the financial managers in the organization. Various techniques of the financial management are highlighted as below; I. Financial statement On this technique, it shows the list of the asset that is owned by individuals, the creditors, the banks and the lenders. The financial statement may include the balance sheet, in which the business can use to assess their net worth and how much debt the company owns. (Bell, 1979) The net worth of the firm may be calculated by taking on the appraisal or the current value less to the money held. Budgeting On this technique, it outlines on all the money that is received from all the activities of the business or the cash that is generated from the assets and the expenditures which are made within a given time frame. This concept helps to provide the company with the money management tools for the analysis of the income and the expenditure. (David David, 2016) An example of the budget in business for the upgrade of the machinery to improve the quality and the quality of the product of the services offered by the firm. III. Debt Snowball technique On this technique is to provide the financial management materials for the repayment of the debt. It is important for the company to clearly highlight on the securities that are owned by the lenders, the banks, and the creditors.(Bell, 1979) On this technique present a plan for the repayment of the debt in a logical manner from the least to the largest. An example is having the debts payment from the smallest and working to the large ones like the massive bank loans. Strategic direction organizations mission Mission The mission of the company is to produce the best premium coffee quality blends. The R D department is continuously doing research to maintain the highest standard of the quality coffee. Purpose The purpose of the A A company is to offer high-quality coffee with some of the proceeds going towards the funding of the wellness of the less privileged in, the less developing countries in the world. Vision The primary objective is to be able to be among the leading providers of the highest quality coffee. The essence is to aspire to inspire the coffee drinkers into coffee lovers and to sharing the love to the excellent brew to every coffee pack. Values The company is actively dedicated to operating within the set norms of the corporate values towards the business partners, the employees, and the consumers. (Varadarajan Menon, 1988) This is achieved through commitment, passion and the driving force of the dedicated employees. Direction and targets Direction On the guidance of the A A Company they choose their value proposition and let their customers select their product. They did so by offering products that are of high-quality espresso and milk in a setting that is comfortable, and they invited everyone to join in. (Berry, 1995) Their direction as a company is to provide the product that is of high quality and to achieve this the company decided to offer the various franchise in different regions of the world. Besides, the company took measures of proving fair prices of their products, so as to gain a significant market share more so from their competitors. Target The target market for the company are the men and the women that are aged between the ages of 24 to 35 years old. These individuals account for almost half of the total business customers. (Moore Reichert, 1983) The major aspect of attracting this group is as a result of the consistent advertisement undertaken by the company so as to keep the products currents the as result of the changing market dynamics. Another target group is the young adults that are aged between 18 to 23 years old. (David David, 2016) The company appeals to this group by introducing the technology as it frequently comes on a daily basis. They do this by focusing on the social networks and cultivating on a crisp image. Situational Analysis SWOT analysis. Strengths The uniqueness and being the first. The brand of the company is unique in every aspect. The A A company withhold their values with their customers, the partners of whom they are the core values of the business, and they uphold them in every way. The company upholds on the innovation, by understanding it is more on the technological advancement and also by the provision of the valued experiences. The presence of a strong market position and brand recognition. This is achieved by having an extended operation of the shop in various parts of the world. Having high-quality products. The company strives at the provision of the products that are of high quality to their customers. Weaknesses The product price of the coffee is relatively high. Some of the consumers cannot afford to buy a cup of coffee since it is relatively expensive. There is an issue of the cannibalization.in some of the region the company has aggressively expanded leaving no room for the expansion. Clash of the culture of the coffee. In some of the region like Europe, individuals have not fully accepted the coffee culture. Thus, it will likely take some time to be the global brand. The issue of the generalized standards for most of the product. Its hard to the consumer to differentiate the best quality since all are generalized. Imitation of the products. There are many counterfeits in the market, and it is a challenge to know the genuine products from the fake. Opportunities The expansion of the company into the new market. The aspect of cannibalization clearly indicates there is room for the enlargement into a new market of the coffee brand. The development of the product mixes and the offerings. The company has started to expand on the mix by adding more products to their portfolio. There is the presence of the technological advancement. The company has ventured on the use of the mobile app that will provide the customers with the programs of the rewards and creation of a friendly environment. There is the application of the new ways of the distribution. There is an investment for a delivery system to increase the revenues. The expansion of the business to more market diversifications. The company is aimed to expand the market to Europe, Asia, and even Africa. Threats There is increased competition which is the biggest threat to the company. There are many competitors in the market providing the similar series which offers a significant risk to the enterprise. The increased price of the coffee beans. It is stipulated that the price of the quality coffee beans might be raised which will cause the overpriced coffee to get higher. There is an aspect of the brand imitation more so from the other competitors who imitates on the impression of the brand strategy, and they have introduced the same products. There is a change in the lifestyle and the preferences. The consumers are opting to switch on to the healthier products, and the culture of the coffee is diminishing. The crisis that affects the economy of the developed country which may affect the revenues of the company through loss of a customer base since they opt for the cheaper brands. Legal and ethical requirement to the organization Legal requirements On the aspect of the legal requirements, the company strives on following every legal doctrine in their operation like the provision of the high-quality products, tax requirements, and the operation permits. Business ethics The company makes efforts to be responsible in the way they conduct their business. Some of the ways they contribute are through community service, sourcing, and the diversity on what they strive to undertake. Reviewing marketing performance Effectiveness of marketing initiatives Marketing performance of the organization On the marketing performance of the company is to stay on the competitive and the growth of the business. The company is under high pressure from the competitors in the provision of the high-quality products. The key aspect is to stay competitively by constant changing environment through effectively having an active customer relationship and identifying the most valuable prospect and customers. Marketing opportunities There are marketing opportunities for the organization as many individuals love the coffee product through the world. The major advantage to help to diversify and stay relevant in the market is the presence of the high-quality products. There are opportunities more so to the Europe regions, Africa, and the Middle East. Profitability of the opportunities The A A organization performance is usually driven through the lens of the humanity. The performance is usually the price of the admission in which the company is aimed to achieve in the long term. The opportunities on the new market will significantly help to increase the revenue for the organization. On the market share of the company, it is approximated to increase from $27.8 per share to approximately $ 57 per share to the next 5 five years. (Berry, 1995) With the new opportunities, the revenue will significantly increase over the next several years if the new market opportunities are ventured. Positioning strategies The product position entails the way the product is defined by the consumers in regards to the different attributes like; the price, the quality, the competitors and the quality. The A A organization tried to position their products in a way to distinguish themselves from the other competitors and provide them with the transactional marketing. (Dibb, Simkin, Pride Ferrell, 2005)The profits that are gotten from the retained customer relationship became the key to the marketing and the business. The aspect of the relationship marketing help in delighting with clients rather than the satisfaction. The positioning of the organization focused on the benefits of the customers and the produce provision. References Bell, M. L. (1979). Marketing, concepts and strategy. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Berry, L. L. (1995). Relationship marketing of services-growing interest, emerging perspectives . Journal of the Academy of marketing science, 23(4), 236-245. David, F., R David, F. R. (2016). Strategic Management: A competitive Adantage Approach, Concepts and Cases. Dibb, S., Simkin, L., Pride, W. M., Ferrell, O.C . (2005). Marketing: Concepts and strategies(p.850). Houghton Mifflin. Moore, J.S., Reichert, A. K. (1983). An analysis of the financial management techniques currently employed by large US corporations. Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 10(4), 623-645. Varadarian, P. R., Menon, A. . (1988). Cause-related marketing: A coalignment of marketing strategy and corporate philanthropy. The journal of Marketing, 58-74.

Philosophy and Human Nature Assignment

Questions: 1. According to Confucius, what are two of the main sources of human discord? Explain why this is so. Provide at least one example of how these sources result in discord. 2. What does Confucianism prescribe for the alleviation of human suffering? Provide an example. 3. What makes a sage a sage? 4. Describe the basic human condition according to Hinduism. What does Hinduism prescribe as a means for rising above this condition? 5. What is benevolence, and what is required to achieve it? Distinguish between the Shankara way and the Ramanuja way. 6. What, according to Buddhism, is the main source of human suffering? 7. What does Buddhism recommend in order to reduce suffering? Answers: 1. Selfishness and ignorance of the past are the two main sources of human discord according to Confucius . Selfishness for satisfying own interest generally causes sufferings for others and lack of self-respect for other. Ignorance of the past leads to lack of moral insight. Thus, both selfishness and ignorance of the past are main sources of human discord. For example, a king who rules his kingdom with selfishness will more likely make others suffer for his self-interest. Also if he is ignorant of what is the definition of a good ruler in the past, he is sure to make unethical decisions as he is actually unaware that he was not performing ethically. 2. Confucianism prescribes self-discipline for the alleviation of human suffering. It is important to do right not for profit but because it is right. One must reward moral excellence and cultivate self. Education is the best answer to ignorance of the past and benevolence helps to get over selfishness. For example, a king who is self-disciplined, rewards moral excellence, focuses on cultivating self, is educated and benevolent will always consider the interests of others over self-interest and will also influence others to follow these practices. 3. The word sage is used to define a person who is profoundly wise and has wisdom which a philosopher seeks (Howell). Not every philosopher is a sage, but a sage has a good hand over philosophy and practices sagehood. The deep desire for self-realization and self-cultivation, the striving for harmoniousness, balance and human perfection makes a sage a sage. A sages desire to understand the truth behind his relationship with other human beings and the relationship of all human beings with an unknown and untouched form of energy motivates them to practice sagehood (Howell). A sages ability to understand expectations and memories, frustrations and guilt, sorrows and joys, pain, suffering, ecstasy, triumph, depravity, nobility, degradation, honor, mendacity, sincerity, stress and release makes them a sage and unique from others. 4. Hinduism has a very comprehensive view of the human condition and has classified all human needs into four broad categories referred to as purushaarthas which includes artha, kama, moksha and dharma (Nault). Kama refers to the pleasure of senses, both sensual pleasure, and aesthetic pleasure. Artha refers to humans desire for wealth, material well-being and power, dharma refers to the desire for virtue and righteousness. Moksha refers to ones desire for liberation from reincarnation. Dharma plays a vital role in all four stages. Hinduism has prescribed Moksha as the means for rising above basic human conditions. Path of knowledge and correct actions also helps in rising above basic human condition. 5. Benevolence refers to ones desire for being good and doing good things for others. It is also defined as an inclination to be kind and perform an act of kindness(Kng). Benevolence can be achieved by treating others with due respect, dignity and integrity, recognizing their individuality, independence, and humanity and maintain a harmony between our interests and that of others. As per the Shankara way, the phenomenal way is not real and is an illusion created by Maya, only the permanent or the Atman is real. Contrary to this Ramanuja way believes that the phenomenal world is real and not an illusion, it shares a unique relation with atman(Kng). According to Shankara way, there is no difference between God and a living being, while Ramanuja way believes that that there is a difference between living being and God and all living beings are part of God(Howell). 6. The essence of Buddhas teachings is comprised in the Four Noble Truths. As per the first noble truth, life is suffering (Chodron). Second noble truth identified the causes of suffering; Third noble truth informs that it is possible to overcome this suffering. Fourth noble truth shows the path that leads to end of these sufferings. The second noble truth of Buddhism identifies desire and ignorance as the root cause of sufferings(Chodron). Desire refers to the human craving for material goods, pleasure, and immortality which are needs that are impossible to satisfy. A desire to satisfy such needs leads to suffering. Ignorance in accepting the realities of life give rise to the feelings of anger, greed, hatred and envy which are causes of suffering. 7. Third and forth truths of Buddhism informs that it is possible to overcome suffering and attain happiness by following the path that leads to the end of suffering (Chodron). As per Buddha, it is possible to attain nirvana by giving up desire and ignorance. The path on which an individual must work to reduce suffering is called the Noble Eightfold Path and comprises of Perfect Thought, Perfect Understanding, Perfect Action, Perfect Speech, Perfect Effort, Perfect Livelihood, Perfect Mindfulness, Perfect Effort and Perfect Concentration (Chodron). By following the noble eightfold path, an individual can lead a good and happy life as it covers all aspects of life such as the social, economical, ethical and psychological aspect. References Chodron, Thubten. Buddhism for Beginners. Colorado: Shambhala Publications, 2012. Freedman, Russell. Confucius: The Golden Rule. London: Scholastic Inc., 2002. Howell, Kerry E. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Methodology. London: Sage, 2012. Kng, Hans. Tracing The Way: Spiritual Dimensions of the World Religions. London: AC Black, 2006. Nault, Derrick M. Asia Journal of Global Studies, Issues 1-2. New York: Universal-Publishers, 2012. The Meaning of Life. Summary of Confucius on Human Nature. 2014. 2016 .